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Research

Histories

Long-form, cited histories of the companies and the optics — who designed them, what changed between versions, and why a given lens renders the way it does. Every claim carries its source, and where the record is thin or contested the text says so rather than picking a side.

33 manufacturer histories · 5 lens histories

Timelines
The same research, on a dated scale →

Research worked into a dated chronology can be read as a timeline of its own, or set against another maker on one shared scale. 33 makers on the timeline so far.

Manufacturers

Agfa
Ansco
Argus
Bausch
Canon
Fujifilm
Graflex
Hasselblad
Horseman
Ihagee
Kodak
Konica
Leica
Linhof
Mamiya
Meyer
Minolta
Miranda
Nikon
Pentacon
Pentax
Plaubel
Polaroid
Rodenstock
Rolleiflex
Schneider
Taylor
Topcon
Voigtl
Wollensak
Yashica
Zeiss
Zenza

Individual lenses

These open on the lens itself, alongside its specifications and production dates.

Mamiya
Mamiya 7 N 150mm f/4.5 L

Introduced with the Mamiya 7 system in 1995, the N 150mm f/4.5 L brought a rangefinder-coupled short telephoto with ultra-low-dispersion glass and a leaf shutter to a portable 6x7 camera system.

Minolta
MC Celtic 50mm f/3.5 Macro

Primarily commercial and system-related. The model illustrates Minolta's mid-1970s North American strategy of offering genuine Minolta macro capability below the premium Rokkor-X tier.

Minolta
MC Rokkor-PG 58mm f/1.2

The examined Minolta guide positions the 58mm f/1.2 among the company's standard lenses and presents it as the fastest of the standard-lens options shown.

Minolta
MC W.Rokkor-SG 28mm f/3.5

A durable 7-element, 7-group wide-angle that carried Minolta's mainstream 28mm f/3.5 from the metal-grip MC II era into the rubber-grip MC-X generation before a new 5/5 design appeared in 1975.

Nikon
Nikkor-S Auto 55mm f/1.2

Introduced in late 1965, the NIKKOR-S Auto 55mm f/1.2 was Nikon's first f/1.2 normal lens for the F system and an important step toward the later 50mm f/1.2 and Noct-Nikkor.