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Canon and Horseman

10 and 12 researched events on one shared scale. Canon 1933–present, Horseman 1933–present.

The axis stretches where either maker has research and collapses where neither does, so a year sits opposite the same year on both. Event counts differ because research depth differs, not because one company did less.

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Canon

1933-1936

Goro Yoshida, Saburo Uchida, and Takeo Maeda established the Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory in Tokyo in November 1933 to develop a high-grade 35mm camera. The Kwanon was a prototype, not a regular commercial line. The Hansa Canon reached the market in February 1936 under a joint arrangement: Nippon Kogaku supplied the Nikkor lens, mount, viewfinder optics, and rangefinder mechanism, while Canon's predecessor made the body and shutter and assembled the camera.

Hansa Canon (Standard Model) · The History of Canon, 1933-1961 · Canon Camera Museum: The Birth of Canon

1937-1945

The business was incorporated as Precision Optical Industry Co., Ltd. on 10 August 1937. It developed the Serenar lens and began moving toward internal optical production. Wartime disruption damaged facilities and constrained materials, but the company received permission on 1 October 1945 to resume camera manufacture. Canon's current corporate founding date refers to the 1937 incorporation, not the laboratory's 1933 beginning.

Canon Basic Information · The History of Canon, 1933-1961 · Canon Camera Museum: 1937-1945

1946-1958

Postwar cameras initially appeared with either Serenar or Nikkor standard lenses because materials and production were still unsettled. Canon expanded in-house Serenar manufacture, and Nippon Kogaku stopped supplying Nikkor lenses in 1948. Precision Optical Industry became Canon Camera Co., Inc. in 1947. Rangefinders supported export growth while Canon began to build capabilities in cine cameras, broadcast lenses, and business equipment.

The History of Canon, 1933-1961 · Canon Camera Museum: 1937-1945 · Canon Camera Museum: Overcoming Postwar Difficulties

1959-1969

The Canonflex of 1959 introduced the R-mount SLR line. The FL mount followed in 1964 with stopped-down TTL metering and retained the breech-lock concept. Canon developed large synthetic fluorite crystals and released the FL-F300mm f/5.6 in May 1969. The company also diversified into calculators and copying technology and changed its legal name to Canon Inc. on 1 March 1969 to reflect a business no longer limited to cameras.

Fluorite Lenses: Corrective Capabilities Beyond Ordinary Optical Glass · Canon Camera Museum: 1955-1969 · The Evolution of the Canon Lens Mount

1970-1975

Canon introduced the FD system and professional F-1 in 1971. FD retained the earlier breech-lock physical concept but added full-aperture metering and information exchange intended for automatic exposure. Fourteen FD lenses appeared together at launch, and the wider F-1 system was supported by more than 180 accessories. Canon simultaneously expanded plain-paper copying, laser printing research, overseas production, and semiconductor lithography.

Canon Camera Museum: 1970-1975 · Canon F-1 · The Evolution of the Canon Lens Mount

1976-1986

The AE-1 of 1976 integrated a CPU into a mass-market 35mm SLR and was followed by the multi-mode A-1. New FD lenses appeared in 1979 with a faster fit-and-lock action while retaining interchangeability with earlier FD bodies. The T80 of 1985 provided a limited autofocus transition through dedicated AC lenses, but Canon concluded that a more extensive electronic system would require a new mount. Canon also began supplying laser-printer engines to Hewlett-Packard during this period.

The History of Canon, 1976-1987 · Canon Camera Museum: 1976-1986 · The Evolution of the Canon Lens Mount

1987-1999

Canon launched the EOS 650 and EF lenses in March 1987. EF replaced mechanical lens-body couplings with electronic communication, located the autofocus motor in each lens, and was not natively compatible with FD. The EOS-1 of 1989 extended the system into professional use. EF manufacturing expanded through Japan, Taiwan, and Malaysia, while Canon developed digital cameras and early professional digital SLR products around the EOS architecture.

Canon EOS 650 / EOS 650 QD · Canon Camera Museum: Leap Forward with the EOS, 1987-1991 · Canon Taiwan to Boost Lens Production Capability · The Evolution of the Canon Lens Mount

2000-2011

The EOS D30, marketed in October 2000, paired the EF system with a Canon-developed 3.25-megapixel CMOS sensor and Canon signal processing. The EOS-1D and full-frame EOS-1Ds brought the digital system to professional work, while the lower-priced EOS 300D widened access. EF-S added APS-C-specific lenses within the EOS SLR family. Canon continued selling the EOS-1V film body until 2018, although an official sales-end notice does not establish its final production month.

Canon EOS D30 · Canon Camera Museum: A Vibrant Evolution in Digital Imaging, 2001-2004 · Canon Camera Museum: 1997-2000 · Notice of End of Sales and Extended Repair Support for the EOS-1V

2012-2017

The EOS M of 2012 introduced the separate EF-M mirrorless mount for APS-C cameras and dedicated EF-M lenses. Canon also developed Cinema EOS and continued to expand digital SLR and professional video systems. The corporate group broadened further into network cameras and medical systems. No clear Canon announcement found in this search assigns one formal end date to the entire EOS M system.

Canon Camera Museum: 2011-2015 · Canon Integrated Report 2026

2018–present

Canon launched the full-frame EOS R system in 2018. The RF mount retains a 54mm internal diameter but shortens the flange distance to 20mm and uses a 12-contact electronic interface. Canon adapters support EF and EF-S lenses on RF bodies, but RF and EF-M remain separate native systems. Canon Inc. continues to operate across printing, imaging, medical, and industrial businesses, with lens and lithography production centered in a global manufacturing network.

EOS R System White Paper · Canon Basic Information · Canon Launches the EOS R System · Canon Integrated Report 2026 · Canon Reaches 110 Million EOS Cameras and 160 Million RF/EF Lenses · Canon Manufacturing Facilities

Horseman

19341946 · 13 years with no research point
19511957 · 7 years with no research point

Horseman 104 completed

1958system

Komamura completed the Horseman 104 as an identification camera for the police. The model linked the early public-service cameras to the compact professional system that soon appeared under Topcon Horseman branding, combining Komamura direction with Tokyo Kogaku participation.

About the Company / FalconEye · Notice of products that cannot be repaired

Topcon Horseman line matures

1960s-1970ssystem

The 960, 760, 970, 980, and 985 developed the compact 6x9 press and technical-camera idea through several generations. Official service records preserve these distinct names alongside Super Topcor optics, while surviving manuals and systems show the importance of backs, cams, and rangefinder coupling.

Dated in the sources as “1960s-1970s”. Decade wording normalized to its full calendar span for scaling.

Notice of products that cannot be repaired · Horseman VH-R owner's manual

VH-R refines compact technical camera

1970s-1980sengineering

The VH and rangefinder-equipped VH-R carried the compact roll-film technical-camera concept into a mature system. Movements, interchangeable backs, ground-glass focusing, and model-specific rangefinder provisions made the cameras unusually versatile, but also created compatibility boundaries collectors must respect.

Dated in the sources as “1970s-1980s”. Decade wording normalized to its full calendar span for scaling.

Notice of products that cannot be repaired · Horseman VH-R owner's manual

Field cameras reach four by five

1980s-2000ssystem

Horseman 45FA, 45HD, and Woodman 45 brought folding-field portability to 4x5 photography. The 45FA and 45HD shared an 80 mm board concept but differed in rear movements, extension, focusing equipment, and front-rise control, so they represent distinct working bodies rather than trim variations.

Dated in the sources as “1980s-2000s”. Decade wording normalized to its full calendar span for scaling.

Horseman manual downloads · Horseman 45HD instruction manual · FAQ for Horseman Technical Cameras

Modular studio systems expand

1980s-2000smanufacturing

The LS, LE, LX, and LX-C optical-bench cameras extended Horseman into modular studio work, with documented 4x5, 5x7, and 8x10 configurations. Their rail, bellows, standards, and interchangeable rear frames made format and movement capacity central parts of the system design.

Dated in the sources as “1980s-2000s”. Decade wording normalized to its full calendar span for scaling.

Horseman manual downloads · Horseman L Series owner's manual

Panoramic systems broaden formats

1990s-2000sengineering

SW612 and SW617 cameras turned 6x12 and 6x17 roll-film panoramas into purpose-built professional systems. Later Professional, SWP, SW612D, and SWD-II Pro variants brought interchangeable mounts, digital backs, and shift movements into the same wide-angle design tradition.

Dated in the sources as “1990s-2000s”. Decade wording normalized to its full calendar span for scaling.

Horseman manual downloads · Horseman Museum opens in Nakano · Horseman SWD-II Pro owner's manual

Digital adapters preserve movements

2000s-2010sengineering

DigiWide, DigiFlex, LD, VCC Pro, ISS-G3, TS-Pro, and Axella products translated view-camera geometry into digital workflows. Rather than treating a sensor as a fixed endpoint, Horseman used interchangeable mounts, bellows, rails, and standards to keep perspective and focus control available.

Dated in the sources as “2000s-2010s”. Decade wording normalized to its full calendar span for scaling.

Horseman manual downloads · Horseman product index · Horseman Axella S system chart and technical data

Read either maker on its own: Canon · Horseman